SHAKIRA FAN CLUB TERMS AND CONDITIONS

IMPORTANT – YOU MUST READ THE FOLLOWING TERMS AND CONDITIONS AND ACCEPT THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT BY CHECKING THE BOX THAT APPEARS ON THE REGISTRATION PAGE DIRECTLY BELOW THESE TERMS INDICATING THAT YOU ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE TO THESE TERMS.

Welcome to the Shakira fan club (the "Fan Club"). This agreement ("Agreement") is a contract between you and the Fan Club (and those companies we hire to help us operate the Fan Club) and governs your use of the Fan Club subscription service (the "Service"). By completing the registration process and accepting this Agreement, you represent that (i) you have read and understood this Agreement and agree to be bound by its terms and conditions and (ii) you are at least 13 years of age. If you do not agree with (or cannot comply with) any of the terms and conditions of this Agreement, do not check the acceptance box below and do not continue the registration process or attempt to access the Service. Please note that the Fan Club is expressly relying on your representation that you are at least 13 years of age; The Fan Club would not enter this Agreement with you but for your representation that you are at least 13 years of age.

Information on Charges / Billing, including the automatic renewal process for installment payments charged to credit cards and checking accounts, is set forth below.

NOTICE

The Fan Club may from time to time amend, supplement or modify the terms of this Agreement, and will post a copy of such amended terms at http://www.ClubShakira.com/terms.html. If you do not agree to (or cannot comply with) the Agreement as amended, your only remedy is to cancel your Fan Club subscription. You will be deemed to have accepted the Agreement as amended 10 days after the amended terms are posted if you continue to use the Service; all other terms of this Agreement will continue in effect.

DESCRIPTION OF SERVICE

The Fan Club is a service solely related to recording artist professionally known as Shakira, which will provide certain materials and services to those who voluntarily subscribe to the Service. The Service may include insider news, audio and video materials (collectively the "Tracks"), exclusive photos, exclusive contests, advance ticket purchases, private message boards, discounted merchandise, and much more (collectively the "Materials").

You may also need to install certain third-party software. You are responsible for any hardware, systems and/or software program(s) you use (a) to connect to, browse or otherwise use the Internet, and/or (b) to access the sites on which the Service is offered, and/or (c) to browse, stream, download, or play back the Tracks or any Materials accessible through the Service.

YOUR REGISTRATION OBLIGATIONS

In order to use the Service, you must register and provide certain information (e.g., name, address, billing information, etc.) to the Fan Club ("Registration Data"). For registration and sign-in purposes you will be able to select a unique Fan Club member name for use on the Service. The Fan Club will use your Registration Data in accordance with its privacy policy, which you can review at http://www.sonymusic.com/privacy. Please review this privacy policy before you complete the registration process or attempt to use or access the Service.

You understand and agree that you should not allow others to use your member name, password and/or account. You agree to indemnify and hold Fan Club, its partners, parents, subsidiaries, agents, affiliates and/or licensors, as applicable, harmless for any improper, unauthorized or illegal uses of your member name, password and/or your account. This includes illegal, unauthorized or improper use by someone to whom you have given permission to use your member name, password and/or account.

USE OF SERVICE, SOFTWARE, TRACKS AND MATERIALS

Service. You may use the Service only in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement as well as any additional terms that may be presented in connection with any particular feature or function of the Service.

The Fan Club Service is for your personal use. You understand and agree that you may not transmit or re-transmit, broadcast or re-broadcast, publicly perform, or make any commercial use of the Service.

Software. The Fan Club site, and all software and other Materials made available by Fan Club on or through the Service, are protected by intellectual property and other laws and your use of them is governed by the terms and conditions of this Agreement.

Tracks and Materials. You understand and acknowledge that the Tracks and Materials are owned by Fan Club, its business partners, affiliates and/or licensors, as applicable, and are protected by intellectual property laws. Fan Club grants you a limited, non-exclusive, non-transferable, revocable right to receive by stream, download and/or copy, as applicable, Tracks or Materials to your personal computer (or other media as permitted thereby) solely for your own non-commercial use. You understand and agree that you may not download, reproduce, modify, display, distribute or otherwise use the Tracks or Materials except as expressly provided in this Agreement. You understand and agree that you may not authorize, encourage or allow any Tracks or Materials used or obtained by you to be reproduced, modified, displayed, distributed or otherwise used by any other party, and you agree that you will take all reasonable steps to prevent any unauthorized reproduction and/or use of them. You agree to advise Fan Club promptly of any such unauthorized use(s).

CHARGES / BILLING

Agreement to Pay. By completing the registration process, you authorize The Fan Club to charge the subscription fee to your designated credit card or checking account every 12 months. If any of your billing information changes (e.g. new credit card number, new address or email address, etc.), you must update that information in the customer service area of the Fan Club. If you cancel your subscription for any reason, the Fan Club will not refund any remaining portion of your subscription fees. You are billed on a 12-month cycle, which begins upon registration and authorization and ends 12 months thereafter (each, a "Subscription Term"). Your credit card or checking account will be charged or debited on the first day of each 36590-day billing period.

Right to Change Subscription Fees. All subscription fees are subject to change upon notice from The Fan Club. The Fan Club will provide you with reasonable notice of such change. If you do not accept the new fees (which will be applicable on a prospective basis only), you will have 10 days from such notice to cancel your subscription.

Taxes. Fan Club reserves its right to collect applicable taxes and impose premium surcharges for certain features of the Service.

Electronic Contracts. Fan Club may include in the Service the ability for you to make electronic purchases. You acknowledge and agree that any submissions you make for electronic purchases constitute your intent and agreement to be bound by the terms of and pay for such purchases. You may withdraw your consent to enter into such electronic agreements by giving written notice to Fan Club, but if you do so, you will not be able to make any electronic purchase. To the extent that such electronic purchases are offered to you by a third party, you acknowledge that Fan Club shall not be responsible or liable to you for the products or services purchased. The provisions of this paragraph do not apply to your agreement and arrangements to pay subscription fees; that arrangement is addressed in the Agreement to Pay section above.

Customer Support. Please submit any questions concerning the Fan ClubService, or any other Fan Club-related issue, to http://www.clubshakira.com/help.html or contact a Fan Club customer service representative by e-mail at help@clubshakira.com.

PUBLIC AREAS

General. The Service may feature message boards and/or chat rooms that allow you to exchange messages with other Fan Club subscribers and provide feedback on the Service ("Public Areas"). Fan Club has the right but not the obligation to monitor and edit or remove any activity or content in such Public Areas, or to restrict access to Materials and/or Tracks. Fan Club takes no responsibility and assumes no liability for any content, materials, messages and the like that you or any other subscribers post to a Public Area, or send to another user over an instant messenger system.

Restrictions. You may not use the Service (or any part of it, including but not limited to Public Areas) to: upload, post, transmit, display or otherwise make available to other subscribers any messages, content or materials that are illegal, obscene, threatening, defamatory, or invasive of privacy; violate (intentionally or unintentionally) a contractual, fiduciary or confidentiality obligation or duty you have to any third party; infringe intellectual property or other third-party rights; harm minors in any way; comprise or contain software viruses or other computer code designed to interfere with the functionality of any computer systems, software or hardware; interfere with or disrupt the Service (including the flow of dialogue in any Public Area) or any networks or servers connected to or by the Service; constitute unsolicited bulk email, political campaigning, commercial solicitation, chain letters, pyramid schemes, mass mailings, or any form of spam; or violate (intentionally or unintentionally) any applicable local, state, national or international law. In addition, you may not use a false email address, impersonate any person or entity (including but not limited to other subscribers and employees of Fan Club, its affiliates or licensors), or otherwise mislead other subscribers as to the origin of a message or content. Accounts are intended for the use of the "person" who subscribes to them. You may never permit another person or persons access to your account. The Fan Club will hold the customer responsible for any incidents that occur with their account. If you believe your account may have been compromised, you should contact the Fan Club immediately. Multiple simultaneous logins are not permitted.

You agree to use the Services solely on an active "dial-up" basis, meaning only as needed and in no way on a standby, inactive or other continuous connection basis. No software or hardware shall be used to attempt to maintain a constant connection. The Fan Club reserve the right to disconnect the Service after 30 minutes of inactivity, as detected by the Fan Club through electronic means. Such time is approximate and subject to change without notice in the Fan Club sole discretion. Electronic or mechanical means to avoid disconnection due to inactivity are strictly prohibited. Electronic or mechanical means include, but are not limited to, "pinging" the mail server, employing electronic or software auto dialer features to maintain an active connection or repeatedly checking for e-mail by auto log in to the mail server. The Fan Club reserves the right to electronically audit connections to enforce the above requirements.

User name(s) are issued to you by the Fan Club based upon availability and all user names are the property of the Fan Club. Upon termination, you shall surrender such user name(s) to the Fan Club and the Fan Club may reserve or reissue such user name(s) in its sole discretion. The Service shall not be accessed simultaneously by multiple users using the same user name.

You understand and agree that any loss or damage of any kind that occurs as a result of the use of any messages, content or material that you upload, post, transmit, display or otherwise make available through your use of the Service is solely your responsibility.

Fan Club’s Rights. By posting messages, inputting data, or engaging in any other form of communication through the Service, you acknowledge and agree that Fan Club may in its sole discretion use, copy, sublicense, adapt, transmit, publicly perform or display any such message, data, or communication to operate, provide and/or promote the Service. If Fan Club’s use of such messages, data or communications exploits any proprietary rights you may have in such communication, you acknowledge and agree that Fan Club has an unrestricted, royalty-free, non-exclusive and perpetual worldwide right do so. You represent and warrant that you own or otherwise control all of the rights to the content, materials, messages and the like that you post, upload, transmit or display; that the content, materials, messages and the like are accurate; that use of the content, materials, messages and the like that you supply does not violate third-party rights and will not cause injury to any person or entity; and that you will indemnify Fan Club, its partners, parents, subsidiaries, agents, affiliates and/or licensors, as applicable, for all claims resulting from content, messages, materials and the like that you supply.

In addition to the above, you acknowledge and agree that Fan Club may store and/or reveal, as applicable, any such content, messages or material if it required to do so by law, or has a good faith belief that such storage or disclosure is reasonably necessary to comply with court orders or other legal processes; to enforce this Agreement; to respond to any claims that such content (or your use of the same) violates any third party’s rights; or to protect the rights, property or personal safety of Fan Club, its business partners, affiliates, licensors and/or licensees, any other Fan Club subscriber, or the general public.

INTERNATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS

You understand and acknowledge that you may not sign up for, access, or attempt to access or use the Service from countries outside of the country in which you legally reside. You agree to abide by all applicable laws in the country in which you reside and any other applicable export control laws, and you further agree not to transfer, by electronic transmission or otherwise, any content or software subject to restrictions under such laws to a national destination or person prohibited under such laws. You further agree not to upload (or attempt to upload) to the Service any data or software that cannot be exported including, but not limited to, certain types of encryption software.

PRIVACY

For additional information regarding Fan Club’s use of information collected in connection with the Service, please refer to Fan Club’s Privacy Policy, a copy of which is available at http://www.sonymusic.com/privacy.

COPYRIGHT INFORMATION

General. The Service, the Tracks, the Fan Club site and the Materials, and portions of them, may contain or comprise copyrighted and/or proprietary subject matter. Your rights with respect to your use of the same are governed by all the terms and conditions of this Agreement, all applicable laws, including but not limited to intellectual property laws, and any applicable end-user license agreements. For the avoidance of doubt, your use of the Service, the Tracks, the Fan Club site and the Materials is under license; you will not obtain an ownership interest in any of them through this Agreement or otherwise.

Notices. Fan Club respects the intellectual property rights of others, and it expects you to do the same. If you know of or suspect that any use of the Service, Tracks, Materials and/or the Fan Club site constitutes an infringement of your copyrights or the copyrights of any other person, please send a notice to help@clubshakira.com. The notice must contain the following information: (a) a physical or electronic signature of the copyright owner or a person authorized to act on the copyright owner’s behalf; (b) description of the copyrighted work(s) that is/are allegedly being infringed; (c) the location of the allegedly infringed work(s); (d) your current contact information (e.g. address, phone number, and email address); (e) a statement that you have a "good faith belief" that the use of the complained-of copyrighted work(s) is not authorized by the copyright owner, its agent, or the law; and (f) a statement by you signed under penalty of perjury that all the information you provide in the notice is accurate and that you are the copyright owner or a person authorized to act on the copyright owner’s behalf (all of this collectively is a "Notice"). If you know of or suspect that any use of the Service, Tracks, Materials and/or the Fan Club site constitutes an infringement of the copyrights of any other person, please send a notice to that effect to the same URL

PATENT AND TRADEMARK

All trademarks, service marks, trade names, slogans, logos, and other indicia of origin that appear on or in connection with the Service are the property of Fan Club and/or its affiliates, licensors and/or licensees. You may not copy, display or use any of these marks without prior written permission of the mark owner. The Service and the Fan Club site (and portions of them) may be protected under patent law and may be the subject of issued patents and/or pending patent applications.

VIOLATION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS

If Fan Club (a) receives a Notice or (b) reasonably suspects that your use of the Service, the Tracks or the Materials violates Fan Club’s or others’ intellectual property rights, Fan Club may, in its sole discretion, suspend or terminate your account without notice to you. If Fan Club suspends or terminates your account for any of the reasons set forth in this paragraph, it shall have no liability or responsibility to you, and Fan Club will not refund any portion of your subscription fees.

NO RESALE

In addition to the restrictions set forth above, you acknowledge and agree that you may not copy, distribute, sell, resell or exploit for any commercial purposes, any portion of the Service (or any Tracks, Materials (including the Fan Club site) or software accessible on or through it), or your user name or password.

PROMOTIONS AND ADVERTISING

Fan Club and/or its business partners may present advertisements and promotional materials on or through the Service. Your participation in any Fan Club promotional event is subject to the terms and conditions associated with that event. Your correspondence or business dealings with, or participation in promotions of, any third-party advertisers on or through the Service, including payment and delivery of related goods or services, and any other terms, conditions, warranties or representations associated with such dealings, are solely between you and such third-party. You agree that neither Fan Club nor its business partners shall be responsible or liable for any loss or damage of any sort incurred as the result of any such dealings or as the result of the presence of such third parties on the Service.

LINKS TO THIRD-PARTY SITES

The Service may present links to Web Sites not owned or operated by Fan Club, retailers and/or other third-party websites. These links are provided only as a convenience to you. Neither Fan Club nor its business partners is responsible for the availability of these outside sites or their contents. You understand and agree that neither Fan Club nor its business partners is responsible or liable, directly or indirectly, for any damage or loss caused or alleged to be caused by or in connection with your use of or reliance on any content of any such site or goods or services available through any such site. In addition, you acknowledge and understand that the operators of these outside sites may ask you to provide them with additional information and that neither the Fan Club nor its business partners shall be responsible or liable, directly or indirectly, for that information, its collection or any damage or loss that occurs or is alleged to have occurred as a result of its collection by those operators. You should direct any concerns regarding these third-party sites to that site’s administrator.

MODIFICATIONS TO SERVICE

Fan Club reserves the right at any time and from time to time to modify or discontinue, temporarily or permanently, the Service (or any part thereof) with or without notice to you. You agree that neither Fan Club nor its business partners shall be liable to you or to any third party for any modification, suspension or discontinuance of the Service.

REMEDIES

You understand and agree that any unauthorized use of the Service, the Tracks, the Materials, the Fan Club site or any related software or materials would result in irreparable injury to Fan Club and/or its affiliates or licensors for which money damages would be inadequate, and in such event Fan Club its affiliates and/or licensors, as applicable, shall have the right, in addition to other remedies available at law and in equity, to immediate injunctive relief against you. Nothing contained in this paragraph or elsewhere in this Agreement shall be construed to limit remedies or relief available pursuant to statutory or other claims that Fan Club, its affiliates and/or licensors may have under separate legal authority, including but not limited to, any claim for intellectual property infringement.

INDEMNITY

You agree to indemnify and hold harmless Fan Club and its agents, employees, representatives, licensors, affiliates, parents and subsidiaries (including, without limitation, any party hired by the Fan Club to operate this web site or the Service) from and against any and all claims, losses, demands, causes of action and judgments (including attorneys’ fees and court costs) (collectively "Claims") arising from or concerning your use of the Service, the Tracks, the Fan Club site or the Materials and/or your violation of any of these Terms, and you further agree to reimburse them on demand for any losses, costs or expenses they incur as a result of any Claims.

TERMINATION, CANCELLATION AND PLAN CHANGES

Fan Club may in its sole discretion terminate this Agreement or suspend your account at any time with or without notice to you in the event that you breach (or Fan Club reasonably suspects that you have breached) any provision of this Agreement. If Fan Club terminates this Agreement, or suspends your account for any of the reasons set forth in this paragraph, it shall have no liability or responsibility to you, and Fan Club will not refund any portion of your subscription fees.

You understand and agree that the cancellation of your account is your sole right and remedy with respect to any dispute with Fan Club. This includes, but is not limited to, any dispute related to or arising out of: (1) any term of this Agreement or Fan Club’s enforcement or application of the same; (2) any policy or practice of Fan Club, including its Privacy Policy and/or Fan Club’s enforcement or application of these policies; (3) the Tracks, Materials and/or the Fan Club site; (4) your ability to access and/or use the Service; and (5) the amount or type of fees, surcharges, applicable taxes, billing methods, or any change to the fees, applicable taxes, surcharges or billing methods.

Except as set forth above with respect to inadvertent charges, in the event that your account is terminated or canceled, the Fan Club will not refund any subscription fees.

DISCLAIMERS

You understand and agree that your use of the Service, Tracks, Fan Club site, and the Materials is at your own sole risk. THE SERVICE, TRACKS, MATERIALS AND THE FAN CLUB SITE ARE PROVIDED "AS IS" AND WITHOUT WARRANTY BY THE FAN CLUB OR ITS AGENTS, EMPLOYEES, PARENTS, SUBSIDIARIES, AFFILIATES, LICENSORS, BUSINESS PARTNERS AND/OR SUPPLIERS, AS APPLICABLE, AND, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT ALLOWED BY APPLICABLE LAW, FAN CLUB AND ITS AGENTS, EMPLOYEES, PARENTS, SUBSIDIARIES, AFFILIATES, LICENSORS, BUSINESS PARTNERS AND/OR SUPPLIERS, AS APPLICABLE, EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND ANY WARRANTY OF NONINFRINGEMENT. THERE IS NO WARRANTY THAT THE SERVICE, TRACKS, MATERIALS OR THE FAN CLUB SITE WILL MEET YOUR REQUIREMENTS, OR THAT YOUR ACCESS TO THE SAME WILL BE UNINTERRUPTED OR ERROR-FREE. THE FAN CLUB, ITS AGENTS, EMPLOYEES, PARENTS, SUBSIDIARIES, AFFILIATES, LICENSORS, BUSINESS PARTNERS AND/OR SUPPLIERS, AS APPLICABLE, DO NOT WARRANT, GUARANTEE, OR MAKE ANY REPRESENTATIONS REGARDING THE USE OR THE RESULTS OF THE USE OF THE SERVICE, TRACKS, MATERIALS OR THE FAN CLUB SITE WITH RESPECT TO PERFORMANCE, ACCURACY, RELIABILITY, SECURITY CAPABILITY, CURRENTNESS OR OTHERWISE. YOU WILL NOT HOLD THE FAN CLUB OR ITS AGENTS, EMPLOYEES, PARENTS, SUBSIDIARIES, AFFILIATES, LICENSORS, BUSINESS PARTNERS AND/OR SUPPLIERS, AS APPLICABLE, RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY DAMAGES THAT RESULT FROM YOU ACCESSING (INCLUDING ANY SOFTWARE OR SYSTEMS YOU USE TO ACCESS THE SERVICE) OR USING THE SERVICE, TRACKS, MATERIALS AND/OR THE FAN CLUB SITE INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY INFECTIONS OR CONTAMINATIONS OF YOUR COMPUTER OR DAMAGE TO ANY SOFTWARE OR SYSTEMS YOU USE TO ACCESS THE SAME THAT MAY RESULT FROM THAT USE. NO ORAL OR WRITTEN INFORMATION OR ADVICE GIVEN BY ANY PERSON SHALL CREATE A WARRANTY IN ANY WAY WHATSOEVER RELATING TO THE FAN CLUB, ITS AGENTS, EMPLOYEES, PARENTS, SUBSIDIARIES, AFFILIATES, LICENSORS, BUSINESS PARTNERS AND/OR SUPPLIERS, AS APPLICABLE.

UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES SHALL THE FAN CLUB, OR ITS AGENTS, EMPLOYEES, PARENTS, SUBSIDIARIES, AFFILIATES, LICENSORS, BUSINESS PARTNERS AND/OR SUPPLIERS, AS APPLICABLE, BE LIABLE FOR ANY UNAUTHORIZED USE OF THE SERVICE, TRACKS, MATERIALS AND/OR THE FAN CLUB SITE.

UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES SHALL THE FAN CLUB OR ITS AGENTS, EMPLOYEES, PARENTS, SUBSIDIARIES, AFFILIATES, LICENSORS, BUSINESS PARTNERS AND/OR SUPPLIERS, AS APPLICABLE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ANY CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR SPECIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, LOSS OF BUSINESS INFORMATION, AND THE LIKE) ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE SERVICE, TRACKS, MATERIALS AND/OR THE FAN CLUB SITE, EVEN IF THE FAN CLUB AND/OR ITS AGENTS, EMPLOYEES, PARENTS, SUBSIDIARIES, AFFILIATES, LICENSORS, BUSINESS PARTNERS AND/OR SUPPLIERS, AS APPLICABLE, HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. BECAUSE SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, THE ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. TO THE EXTENT THAT IN A PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCE ANY DISCLAIMER OR LIMITATION ON DAMAGES OR LIABILITY SET FORTH HEREIN IS PROHIBITED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THEN, INSTEAD OF THE PROVISIONS HEREOF IN SUCH PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCE, THE FAN CLUB AND/OR ITS AGENTS, EMPLOYEES, PARENTS, SUBSIDIARIES, AFFILIATES, LICENSORS, BUSINESS PARTNERS AND/OR SUPPLIERS, AS APPLICABLE, SHALL BE ENTITLED TO THE MAXIMUM DISCLAIMERS AND/OR LIMITATIONS ON DAMAGES AND LIABILITY AVAILABLE AT LAW OR IN EQUITY BY SUCH APPLICABLE LAW IN SUCH PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCE, AND IN NO EVENT SHALL SUCH DAMAGES OR LIABILITY EXCEED US$10.

LAW AND LEGAL NOTICES

This Agreement and any other terms or documents referred to herein represent your entire agreement with Fan Club with respect to your use of the Service. You understand and agree that, except as expressly set forth herein, this Agreement is not intended to confer and does not confer any rights or remedies upon any person other than the parties to this Agreement. If any part of this Agreement is held invalid or unenforceable, that portion shall be construed in a manner consistent with applicable law to reflect, as nearly as possible, the original intentions of the parties, and the remaining portions shall remain in full force and effect. The laws of the State of New York, excluding its conflicts-of-law rules, govern this Agreement and your use of the Service, the Tracks, the Materials and the Fan Club site. You expressly agree that the courts in the State of New York, New York County, have exclusive jurisdiction over any claim or dispute with Fan Club or relating in any way to your account or your use of the Service, the Tracks, the Materials and the Fan Club site. You further agree and expressly consent to personal jurisdiction over you in the federal and state courts of New York County in connection with any such dispute including any claim involving Fan Club or its partners, parents, licensors, affiliates, subsidiaries, employees, contractors, officers, directors or suppliers.